Long-term exposure to low levels of air pollution and mortality adjusting for road traffic noise: A Danish Nurse Cohort study

So, Rina, Jørgensen, Jeanette Therming, Lim, Youn-Hee, Mehta, Amar J., Amini, Heresh, Mortensen, Laust H., Westendorp, Rudi, Ketzel, Matthias, Hertel, Ole, Brandt, Jørgen et al, Christensen, Jesper H., Geels, Camilla, Frohn, Lise M., Sisgaard, Torben, Bräuner, Elvira Vaclavik, Jensen, Steen Solvang, Backalarz, Claus, Simonsen, Mette Kildevæld, Loft, Steffen, Cole-Hunter, Tom and Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic (2020) Long-term exposure to low levels of air pollution and mortality adjusting for road traffic noise: A Danish Nurse Cohort study Environment International, 143.

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Abstract

The association between air pollution and mortality is well established, yet some uncertainties remain: there are few studies that account for road traffic noise exposure or that consider in detail the shape of the exposure–response function for cause-specific mortality outcomes, especially at low-levels of exposure. Objectives: We examined the association between long-term exposure to particulate matter [(PM) with a diameter of<2.5 μm (PM2.5),<10 μm (PM10)], and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and total and cause-specific mortality, accounting for road traffic noise. Methods: We used data on 24,541 females (age > 44 years) from the Danish Nurse Cohort, who were recruited in 1993 or 1999, and linked to the Danish Causes of Death Register for follow-up on date of death and its cause, until the end of 2013. Annual mean concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 at the participants’ residences since 1990 were estimated using the Danish DEHM/UBM/AirGIS dispersion model, and annual mean road traffic noise levels (Lden) were estimated using the Nord2000 model. We examined associations between the three-year running mean of PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 with total and cause-specific mortality by using time-varying Cox Regression models, adjusting for individual characteristics and residential road traffic noise. Results: During the study period, 3,708 nurses died: 843 from cardiovascular disease (CVD), 310 from respiratory disease (RD), and 64 from diabetes. In the fully adjusted models, including road traffic noise, we detected associations of three-year running mean of PM2.5 with total (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: 1.06; 1.01–1.11), CVD (1.14; 1.03–1.26), and diabetes mortality (1.41; 1.05–1.90), per interquartile range of 4.39 μg/m3. In a subset of the cohort exposed to PM2.5 < 20 μg/m3, we found even stronger association with total (1.19; 1.11–1.27), CVD

Item Type:	Article
Divisions :	Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences > Civil and Environmental Engineering
Authors :	Name Email ORCID So, Rina Jørgensen, Jeanette Therming Lim, Youn-Hee Mehta, Amar J. Amini, Heresh Mortensen, Laust H. Westendorp, Rudi Ketzel, Matthias m.ketzel@surrey.ac.uk Hertel, Ole Brandt, Jørgen Christensen, Jesper H. Geels, Camilla Frohn, Lise M. Sisgaard, Torben Bräuner, Elvira Vaclavik Jensen, Steen Solvang Backalarz, Claus Simonsen, Mette Kildevæld Loft, Steffen Cole-Hunter, Tom Andersen, Zorana Jovanovic
Date :	12 July 2020
Funders :	Danish Council for Independent Research, Region Zealand Fund, Novo Nordisk Foundation Challenge Programme
DOI :	10.1016/j.envint.2020.105983
Grant Title :	Novo Nordisk Foundation Challenge Programme
Copyright Disclaimer :	© 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/BY-NC-ND/4.0/)
Uncontrolled Keywords :	Air pollution; Mortality; Cardiovascular disease; Respiratory disease; Diabetes; Danish Nurse Cohort;
Additional Information :	Embargo OK Metadata OK No Further Action
Depositing User :	James Marshall
Date Deposited :	12 Aug 2020 12:57
Last Modified :	12 Aug 2020 12:57
URI:	http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/id/eprint/858395

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