Clinical Features, Imaging Characteristics, and Long-term Outcome of Dogs with Cranial Meningocele or Meningoencephalocele.

Lazzerini, K, Gutierrez-Quintana, R, Jose-Lopez, R, McConnell, F, Goncalves, R, McMurrough, J, De Decker, S, Muir, C, Priestnall, SL, Mari, L et al, Stabile, F, De Risio, L, Loeffler, C, Tauro, A, Rusbridge, Clare, Rodenas, S, Anor, S, de la Fuente, C, Fischer, A, Bruehschwein, A, Penderis, J and Guevar, J (2017) Clinical Features, Imaging Characteristics, and Long-term Outcome of Dogs with Cranial Meningocele or Meningoencephalocele. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 31. pp. 505-512.

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Abstract

Background:

The term meningoencephalocele (MEC) describes a herniation of cerebral tissue and meninges through a defect in the cranium, whereas a meningocele (MC) is a herniation of the meninges alone. Hypothesis/Objectives: To describe the clinical features, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics, and outcomes of dogs with cranial MC and MEC. Animals: Twenty-two client-owned dogs diagnosed with cranial MC or MEC.

Methods:

Multicentric retrospective descriptive study. Clinical records of 13 institutions were reviewed. Signalment, clinical history, neurologic findings and MRI characteristics as well as treatment and outcome were recorded and evaluated.

Results:

Most affected dogs were presented at a young age (median, 6.5 months; range, 1 month – 8 years). The most common presenting complaints were seizures and behavioral abnormalities. Intranasal MEC was more common than parietal MC. Magnetic resonance imaging identified meningeal enhancement of the protruded tissue in 77% of the cases. Porencephaly was seen in all cases with parietal MC. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis identified mild abnormalities in 4 of 11 cases. Surgery was not performed in any affected dog. Seventeen patients were treated medically, and seizures were adequately controlled with anti-epileptic drugs in 10 dogs. Dogs with intranasal MEC and mild neurologic signs had a fair prognosis with medical treatment.

Conclusion and clinical importance:

Although uncommon, MC and MEC should be considered as a differential diagnosis in young dogs presenting with seizures or alterations in behavior. Medical treatment is a valid option with a fair prognosis when the neurologic signs are mild.

Item Type:	Article
Subjects :	Veterinary Medicine
Divisions :	Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences > School of Veterinary Medicine
Authors :	Name Email ORCID Lazzerini, K Gutierrez-Quintana, R Jose-Lopez, R McConnell, F Goncalves, R McMurrough, J De Decker, S Muir, C Priestnall, SL Mari, L Stabile, F De Risio, L Loeffler, C Tauro, A Rusbridge, Clare c.rusbridge@surrey.ac.uk Rodenas, S Anor, S de la Fuente, C Fischer, A Bruehschwein, A Penderis, J Guevar, J
Date :	2017
DOI :	10.1111/jvim.14638
Copyright Disclaimer :	Copyright © 2017 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Uncontrolled Keywords :	Cerebral malformation; Cranioschisis; Porencephaly; Seizures
Depositing User :	Symplectic Elements
Date Deposited :	02 May 2017 15:22
Last Modified :	16 Jan 2019 17:14
URI:	http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/id/eprint/814084

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