Investigation of gold nanoparticle radiosensitisation mechanisms using a free radical scavenger and protons of different energies

Kirkby, KJ, jeynes, JC, Merchant, MJ, Spindler, A and Wera, AC (2014) Investigation of gold nanoparticle radiosensitisation mechanisms using a free radical scavenger and protons of different energies Physics in Medicine and Biology.

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Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been shown to sensitise cancer cells to X-ray radiation, particularly at kV energies where photoelectric interactions dominate and the high atomic number of gold makes a large difference to X-ray absorption. Protons have a high cross-section for gold at a large range of relevant clinical energies, and so potentially could be used with GNPs for increased therapeutic effect. Here, we investigate the contribution of secondary electron emission to cancer cell radiosensitisation and investigate how this parameter is affected by proton energy and a free radical scavenger. We simulate the emission from a realistic cell phantom containing GNPs after traversal by protons and X-rays with different energies. We find that with a range of proton energies (1 -250 MeV) there is a small increase in secondaries compared to a much larger increase with X-rays. Secondary electrons are known to produce toxic free radicals. Using a cancer cell line in vitro we find that a free radical scavenger has no protective effect on cells containing GNPs irradiated with 3 MeV protons, while it does protect against cells irradiated with X-rays.

Item Type:	Article
Divisions :	Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences > Electronic Engineering > Advanced Technology Institute > Ion Beam Centre
Authors :	Name Email ORCID Kirkby, KJ jeynes, JC Merchant, MJ Spindler, A Wera, AC
Date :	1 September 2014
Uncontrolled Keywords :	linear energy transfer (LET), god nanoparticles, monte carlo, clonogenic assay, Geant-4
Additional Information :	Copyright 2014 Institute of Physics. This is the author's accepted manuscript.
Depositing User :	Symplectic Elements
Date Deposited :	06 Jan 2015 14:40
Last Modified :	08 Oct 2015 01:08
URI:	http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/id/eprint/805969

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